Buffalo Bill - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Buffalo Bill. Born. Buffalo Bill's grave is in historic Golden, Colorado. Excellent historical info and events for all ages. William Frederick Cody(1. February 2. 6, 1. Le Claire, Iowa Territory, U. S. Died. January 1. Denver, Colorado, U. S. Cause of death. Kidney failure. Resting place. Lookout Mountain, Golden, Colorado. He was born in Le Claire, Iowa Territory (now the U. S. During the American Civil War, he served the Union from 1. Later he served as a civilian scout for the US Army during the Indian Wars. He received the Medal of Honor in 1. One of the most colorful figures of the American Old West, Buffalo Bill started performing in shows that displayed cowboy themes and episodes from the frontier and Indian Wars. He founded Buffalo Bill's Wild West in 1. United States and, beginning in 1. Great Britain and Europe. Early life and education. Mary Ann Bonsell Laycock, Bill's mother, was born about 1. New Jersey, near Philadelphia. She moved to Cincinnati to teach school, and there she met and married Isaac. She was a descendant of Josiah Bunting, a Quaker who had settled in Pennsylvania. Exploits like this made Buffalo Bill a well known figure.It was about this time that the pulp industry was romanticized the exploits of the heroes and villains who. William Joseph Donovan Major General United States Army: Born at Buffalo, New York, January 1, 1883, he earned the Medal of Honor for service in World War I, where he.There is no evidence to indicate Buffalo Bill was raised as a Quaker. The chapel was built with Cody money, and the land was donated by Philip Cody of Toronto Township. Isaac Cody was against slavery. He was invited to speak at Rively's store, a local trading post where pro- slavery men often held meetings. His antislavery speech so angered the crowd that they threatened to kill him if he didn't step down. A man jumped up and stabbed him twice with a Bowie knife. Rively, the store's owner, rushed Cody to get treatment, but he never fully recovered from his injuries. In Kansas, the family was frequently persecuted by pro- slavery supporters. Cody's father spent time away from home for his safety.
Buffalo Bill; Born: William Frederick Cody February 26, 1846 Le Claire, Iowa Territory, U.S. Died: January 10, 1917 (aged 70) Denver, Colorado, U.S. Buffalo Bill mag dan een ruige buitenman zijn geweest, hij had zeker een liberale inslag met zijn uitgesproken mening over de rechten van zowel indianen als vrouwen. 1897 : Buffalo Bill and Escort; 1898 : Indian War Council; 1900 : Buffalo Bill's Wild West Show; 1900 : Buffalo Bill's Wild West Parade; 1900 : Buffalo Bill's Show Parade. His enemies learned of a planned visit to his family and plotted to kill him on the way. Bill, despite his youth and being ill at the time, rode 3. Isaac Cody went to Cleveland, Ohio, to organize a group of thirty families to bring back to Kansas, in order to add to the antislavery population. During his return trip he caught a respiratory infection which, compounded by the lingering effects of his stabbing and complications from kidney disease, led to his death in April 1. At age 1. 1, Bill took a job with a freight carrier as a . On horseback he would ride up and down the length of a wagon train and deliver messages between the drivers and workmen. Next he joined Johnston's Army as an unofficial member of the scouts assigned to guide the United States Army to Utah, to put down a rumored rebellion by the Mormon population of Salt Lake City. He wore this war- bonnet of the Sioux, at his shoulder was a rifle pointed at someone in the river- bottom 3. I raised my old muzzle- loader and fired. The figure collapsed, tumbled down the bank and landed with a splash in the water. He signed with them, and after building several stations and corrals, Cody was given a job as a rider. He worked at this until he was called home to his sick mother's bedside. He began working with a freight caravan that delivered supplies to Fort Laramie, in present- day Wyoming. In 1. 86. 3, at age 1. Company H, 7th Kansas Cavalry, and served until discharged in 1. They had four children. Two died young, while the family was living in Rochester, New York. They and a third child are buried in Mount Hope Cemetery, in Rochester. Part of the time, he scouted for Indians and fought in 1. In January 1. 87. Cody was a scout for the highly publicized hunting expedition of the Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich of Russia. It was revoked in 1. Congress retroactively changed the rules for the honor. Congress stated that only military personnel could receive the award. Even though he was an Army veteran he had been awarded the medal for service as a civilian scout. He was one of five scouts whose medals were rescinded in 1. However, in 1. 98. Army Board for Correction of Military Records ruled that Cody and the four other scouts were nonetheless deserving of the honor and restored their names to the Medal of Honor roll. Cody claimed to have had many other jobs, including trapper, bullwhacker, . He may have fabricated some for publicity. Cody explained that while his formidable opponent, Comstock, chased after his buffalo, engaging from the rear of the herd and leaving a trail of killed buffalo . Many other sequels followed, by Buntline, Prentiss Ingraham and others from the 1. Audiences were enthusiastic about seeing a piece of the American West. Cody's part typically included a reenactment of an 1. Warbonnet Creek, where he claimed to have scalped a Cheyenne warrior. He stayed, for instance, in Garden City, Kansas, in the presidential suite of the former Windsor Hotel. He was befriended by the mayor and state representative, a frontier scout, rancher, and hunter named Charles . The show began with a parade on horseback, with participants from horse- culture groups that included US and other military, cowboys, American Indians, and performers from all over the world in their best attire. Visitors would see main events, feats of skill, staged races, and sideshows. Many historical western figures participated in the show. For example, Sitting Bull appeared with a band of 2. Cody's headline performers were well known in their own right. Annie Oakley and her husband, Frank Butler, were sharpshooters, together with the likes of Gabriel Dumont and Lillian Smith. Performers re- enacted the riding of the Pony Express, Indian attacks on wagon trains, and stagecoach robberies. The show was said to end with a re- enactment of Custer's Last Stand, in which Cody portrayed General Custer, but this is more legend than fact. The finale was typically a portrayal of an Indian attack on a settler's cabin. Cody would ride in with an entourage of cowboys to defend a settler and his family. This finale was featured predominantly as early as 1. The show influenced many 2. West in cinema and literature. The Scout's Rest Ranch included an eighteen- room mansion and a large barn for winter storage of the show's livestock. In 1. 88. 7, Cody took the show to Great Britain in celebration of the Jubilee year of Queen Victoria, who attended a performance. On March 8, 1. 89. Buffalo Bill had met some Italian butteri (a less- well- known sort of Italian equivalent of cowboys) and said his men were more skilled at roping calves and performing other similar actions. A group of Buffalo Bill's men challenged nine butteri, led by Augusto Imperiali, at Prati di Castello neighbourhood in Rome. The butteri easily won the competition. Augusto Imperiali became a local hero after the event: a street and a monument were dedicated to him in his hometown, (Cisterna di Latina), and he was featured as the hero in a series of comic strips in the 1. Cody set up an independent exhibition near the Chicago World's Fair of 1. United States. The freight train's engineer had thought that the entire show train had passed, not realizing it was three units, and returned to the tracks; 1. Old Pap and Old Eagle. No people were killed, but Annie Oakley's injuries were so severe that she was told she would never walk again. She did recover and continued performing later. The incident put the show out of business for a while, and this disruption may have led to its eventual demise. That show was foreclosed on when it was playing in Denver, Colorado. Buffalo Bill. The Prince of Wales, later King Edward VII, requested a private preview of the Wild West performance; he was impressed enough to arrange a command performance for Queen Victoria. The Queen enjoyed the show and meeting the performers, setting the stage for another command performance on June 2. Jubilee guests. Royalty from all over Europe attended, including the future Kaiser Wilhelm II and the future King George V. While in Rome, a Wild West delegation was received by Pope Leo XIII. Cody depended on a number of staff to manage arrangements for touring with the large and complex show: in 1. Major Burke was the general manager for the Buffalo Bill Wild West Company; William Laugan (sic), supply agent; George C. Crager, Sioux interpreter, considered leader of relations with the Indians; and John Shangren, a native interpreter. The tour finished with a six- month run in London before leaving Europe for nearly a decade. The Wild West traveled throughout Great Britain in a tour in 1. The final tour, in 1. France on March 4 and quickly moved to Italy for two months. The show then traveled east, performing in Austria, the Balkans, Hungary, Romania, and the Ukraine, before returning west to tour in Poland, Bohemia (later Czech Republic), Germany, and Belgium. If you will take the Wild West show over there you can remove that reproach. His remains were buried at Brompton Cemetery in London. He was buried in Brompton Cemetery. The remains were reburied in the Lakota cemetery in Rosebud two months later. Long Wolf (1. 83. His remains were exhumed and transported to South Dakota's Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in September 1. John Black Feather. Her remains were exhumed and transported to the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, in South Dakota, in September 1. Long Wolf, and were reburied at Saint Ann's Cemetery, in Denby. Life in Cody, Wyoming. Today the Old Trail Town museum is at the center of the community and commemorates the traditions of Western life. Cody first passed through the region in the 1. He was so impressed by the development possibilities from irrigation, rich soil, grand scenery, hunting, and proximity to Yellowstone Park that he returned in the mid- 1. Streets in the town were named after his associates: Beck, Alger, Rumsey, Bleistein and Salsbury. The town was incorporated in 1. In November 1. 90. Cody opened the Irma Hotel, named after his daughter. He envisioned a growing number of tourists coming to Cody on the recently opened Burlington rail line. He expected that they would proceed up Cody Road, along the north fork of the Shoshone River, to visit Yellowstone Park. Documenting the life and times of Buffalo Bill At the turn of the 2. His path from frontier poverty and obscurity to international celebrity is one of the most remarkable stories of America. It begins on February 2. Le Claire, Iowa, where William Frederick Cody was born to Isaac and Mary Ann Laycock Cody. At age eight he moved with his family to the Kansas frontier where his father hoped to homestead. The family experienced a series of financial and personal setbacks brought on by the turmoil of the slavery debate and culminating in Isaac Cody. As the oldest male member of the household, eleven year old Will took it upon himself to find work and soon joined the freighting firm Russell, Majors, and Waddell as a cattle drover and teamster. Over the next few years Cody would pursue the life of the Plainsman, accompanying westbound military supply trains. He also met and became friends with James Butler . In his 1. 87. 9 autobiography Cody claims to have also pursued gold prospecting, fur trapping, and work as a Pony Express rider during this period. In 1. 86. 4 Cody enlisted in the Seventh Kansas Volunteer Cavalry and served as a private for one and a half years. After the war he conducted a brief courtship with Louisa Frederici of St. Louis followed by their marriage in 1. Though the relationship would prove to be stormy and include one attempt on Cody. Cody made several attempts to lead a more settled life; he briefly owned and managed an inn and tried unsuccessfully to found the town of Rome, Kansas, but was forced to take various odd jobs with the railroad first and, later, with the Army. He would work intermittently as a scout for the next decade, eventually becoming Chief of Scouts for the Fifth Cavalry. During that time Cody participated in a number of battles and skirmishes with Plains Indians; most notably, the 1. Battle at Summit Springs in which he was purported to have killed Chief Tall Bull, the leader of the Cheyenne Dog Soldiers. In 1. 87. 2, the United States Congress awarded him The Medal of Honor for his service as a civilian scout. Cody traced the origins of his nickname to an eighteen- month stint beginning in 1. Kansas railroad workers. He claimed to have killed approximately 4,2. Cody also developed a sideline as a hunting guide serving wealthy patrons from the eastern United States and Europe. As he began to cultivate his frontier persona. Judson, who wrote under the name Ned Buntline. It would be followed by other Buffalo Bill dime novels over the next forty years, eventually numbering in the hundreds. Cody began a career on stage at the encouragement of Ned Buntline, who invited him to Chicago in 1. Scouts of the Prairie. Already a popular culture figure, Cody had attended a performance of a Buffalo Bill play during a previous visit to New York City. At the time he found it impossible to imagine himself on stage. Although he was not a natural actor, he was an experienced raconteur from his days guiding tourists on hunting trips, and Buntline reshaped the Chicago debut with largely improvised dialogue to capitalize on Cody. The play received scathing reviews. Later that year, Cody separated from Buntline and formed his own touring theatrical troupe with fellow plainsmen, . The Buffalo Bill Combination toured U. Dramatized conflicts with Indians featured gunplay, and the outsized persona of Cody himself made these border dramas the foundation for Buffalo Bill. The Cody family now included three children: Arta Lucille (1. Kit Carson (1. 87. Orra Maude (1. 87. Irma Louise arrived in 1. While his family was still in Rochester, Cody interrupted his 1. Custer. Back with his old regiment a month later, Cody found himself involved in a skirmish near Warbonnet Creek, Nebraska, on July 1. Although the episode was relatively minor, Cody managed to kill a Cheyenne warrior named Yellow Hair, subsequently incorporating the incident in his show career. During the campaign, Cody wore a stage costume that included a scarlet shirt and black velvet pants. Within a few months he was back on stage wearing the same costume and brandishing his war trophies, including Yellow Hair. The play, titled The Red Right Hand: or Buffalo Bill. Cody would feature Custer. Dozens of versions in various states of abridgement would be reissued over the next four decades. The memoir is a mixture of Cody. Historians have cast doubt on a number of claims made in the autobiography, including his account of riding for the Pony Express. However, Cody would continue to promote these biographical details on stage and showground throughout his career. The Cody family later relocated to North Platte, Nebraska, where Cody organized a Fourth of July celebration in 1. It was the next step in the evolution of the Wild West show. The following year Cody teamed with North Platte dentist and expert marksman, William Frank . They toured with the exhibition throughout that summer, drawing large audiences. However, because of personality differences and a lack of management skills, the partnership dissolved after one season. Cody paired with actor/manager Nate Salsbury the following year to form Buffalo Bill. Salsbury had successfully managed his own acting troupe, Salsbury. S., Britain, and Australia. Buffalo Bill's Wild West found success under the new management. Over the next three years the exhibition toured U. A standard program included races on horseback or on foot, sometimes with cowboys, Mexican vaqueros, and Indians in competition. Horsemanship demonstrations such as the roping and riding of bucking horses were combined with a more genteel Virginia reel on horseback performed by cowboys and cowgirls. Marksmanship exhibitions would eventually make stars of Annie Oakley, Lillian Smith, and Johnnie Baker. Cody presided over the program from the opening . Highlights of this period include the addition of Annie Oakley, who joined the show in 1. Sitting Bull was the most prominent of hundreds of Plains Indians who participated in the exhibition during its storied run. In May 1. 88. 7 Cody realized his long- held dream to take his exhibition abroad when Buffalo Bill's Wild West embarked on a year- long tour of England. A six- month London season was part of a joint venture with the American Exhibition at Earl's Court and corresponded with celebrations of Queen Victoria. The command performance before the Queen caused a media sensation and provided a marketing bonanza for Cody and his team of promotional agents. During the London stay over two million visitors paid a schilling each to witness the spectacle. All told, Buffalo Bill's Wild West would spend nearly a decade performing in Europe including a triumphant summer at the 1. Paris Exposition, presentation before Pope Leo XIII in 1. European royalty. In 1. 88. 8 Buffalo Bill returned from England an international celebrity, a status that ensured the continued popularity of the American West in a transnational setting. In 1. 89. 0, Buffalo Bill. Due to unfounded criticism of the mistreatment of American Indian performers, Cody and Salsbury discussed adding an International Congress of Rough Riders to highlight skilled equestrians from around the world in view of the slight chance they may lose their Indian performers. The management of Buffalo Bill's Wild West competently defended its treatment of American Indians, continuing to retain their services, and Buffalo Bill's Wild West added the phrase . Miles requested that Cody travel to the Standing Rock Reservation to return with Sitting Bull to negotiate a peaceful settlement. Reservation officials mistrusted Cody and rescinded Miles. Shortly after Cody returned, reservation police attempted to arrest Sitting Bull, an event that led to a confrontation that ended Sitting Bull. Two weeks later, on December 2. Seventh Cavalry surrounded a Lakota village on Wounded Knee Creek, and the infamous massacre soon followed. In the aftermath of the Wounded Knee Massacre, a number of Lakota Ghost Dancers, officially identified as prisoners of war, toured Europe with Cody. In 1. 89. 3 Buffalo Bill's Wild West performed the entire season in Chicago, successfully competing directly with the World's Columbian Exhibition. Due to the poor health of Cody. This new arrangement added a new circus- like atmosphere to the exhibition. Bailey added advertisements to Buffalo Bill's Wild West programs and expanded to include sideshow acts. After James Bailey's death in 1. Bailey. The following year, Buffalo Bill. Once again, the financially strapped Cody borrowed money from Denver newspaperman Harry Tammen, eventually forcing the exhibition into bankruptcy in 1. Cody found himself working for Tammen. Shortly before his death, Cody broke with the Sells- Floto Circus and appeared briefly with the Miller Brothers and Arlington 1. Ranch Real Wild West in 1. Unfortunately, Buffalo Bill. Despite this tarnished image, Buffalo Bill. The Wild West exhibition ingrained the image of the American Frontier in popular culture, an image frequently reappearing in literature and film. Cody also began a tradition with Buffalo Bill's Wild West that continues today at almost every public function in America: the playing of the Star Spangled Banner, which became the official national anthem in 1. Cody popularizing the song through the Wild West's performances. Toward the end of his life, Cody. In 1. 91. 2 Buffalo Bill and Pawnee Bill Film Company produced the Life of Buffalo Bill. The storyline of this film begins with Cody falling asleep and dreaming of his accomplishments that constitute the remainder of the film. In 1. 91. 3 Cody began working with the Essanay Film Company of Chicago to film an epic entitled The Indian Wars. The film starred Cody, General Nelson A. Miles, and a cast of American Indian extras. This eight- reel film covered the Indian Wars on the Great Plains, focusing mainly on the events related to Cody. Unfortunately, the film was not a financial success and only a few known segments of footage exist today.
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